アブストラクト（33巻2号：The Bulletin of Kanagawa Dental College）

The Bulletin of Kanagawa Dental College

English

Title　： Pathophysiological Events Very Early in Acute Stage following Fatal Cerebral Insult : Detailed Mechanisms of Massive Extracellular Glutamate Increase
Subtitle　： REVIEW
Authors　： Teruhito Kunimatsu*, Satoshi Asai**, Anzu Yamashita*, Kazu-ichi Yoshida*
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： *Department of Clinical Care Medicine, Division of Anesthesiology, Kanagawa Dental College, **Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Advanced Medical Research Center, Nihon University School of Medicine
Journal　： The Bulletin of Kanagawa Dental College
Volume　： 33
Number　： 2
Page　： 79-84
Year/Month　： 2005 / 9
Article　： Report
Publisher　： Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract　： [Abstract] The electrophysiological changes and cerebral extracellular glutamate concentration ([glu]e) dynamics that occur very early in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we review pathophysiological changes very early in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia in the brain. Our group previously reported the results of real-time monitoring in [glu] e in vivo, which demonstrated that the massive increase in [glu] e during ischemia is biphasic (including-first and second phases). We carried out a detailed analysis of the initial events in the first phase of the increase in [glu] e and found that in the two included components, the first may be derived from impaired glutamate uptake, while the second component consists of a Ca2+ -dependent release from presynaptic vesicles closely related to anoxic depolarization. There is now strong evidence that astrocytes have numerous functions to critically influence neuron survival during cerebral ischemia and we believe that moderate brain hypothermia is a novel method to prevent ischemic brain injury during surgery under general anesthesia. Further studies are required to clarify whether astrocytes can be manipulated to enhance brain recovery following cerebral ischemic injury, as well as to determine the influence of moderate brain hypothermia on astrocytes in vivo.
Practice　： Dentistry
Keywords　： Pathophysiology, Cerebral ischemia, Acute stage, Glutamate