アブストラクト(15巻1号:神奈川歯学)

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title : 乳歯の微量金属の測定法に関する研究 - とくにFlameless原子吸光分光光度計によるCu, Zn, Cd, Pbの定量性について -
Subtitle : 原著
Authors : 西村康
Authors(kana) :
Organization : 神奈川歯科大学小児歯科学教室, 神奈川歯科大学口腔生化学教室
Journal : 神奈川歯学
Volume : 15
Number : 1
Page : 30-50
Year/Month : 1980 / 6
Article : 原著
Publisher : 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract : 「抄録」 乳歯歯質の解明のため, とくに微量金属の生物学的存在意義について検索するには, 歯質の形成時期とその時期に取り込まれた微量金属を, 組織構造と対応して定量的に測定することが必要不可欠であり, これが可能な測定方法を選択しなければならない. そこで著者は多くの検討を加えた結果, この目的の達成に最も有効な手段であるFlameless原子吸光法を選択した. しかし, 本法は従来の原子吸光法(Flame法)と比較して共存物質, とくに酸や他の元素の影響を大きく受けるという危惧があるので, 歯質の分析を想定してその影響を検索した. 微量金属としてCu, Zn, CdおよびPbを選び, 測定条件, 最小検出量, 溶媒条件, 金属間ならびに有機質共存下における干渉についての検討を加えた. その結果, 以下の結論を得た. 1. 各金属を測定する場合, 酸の種類および濃度が定量に影響を与えることから, 一定の酸および濃度を用いなければならない. 本実験では感度と安定性が良好である0.5N NHO3を測定溶媒とした. 2. 各金属におけるWorking rangeの上限としてCu, Pbでは200ppb, Zn, Cdでは40~50ppbが適当と考えられる. 3. 最小検出量は標準偏差パーセントで7.5%以下のところとし, Cu 0.5ppb, Zn 0.1ppb, Cd 0.5ppb, Pb 0.1ppb, であった. 以上のことから歯牙の一部を試料とした場合でも測定可能と考えられる. 4. Caの干渉は各種金属およびその濃度により異なるため, 微量金属の定量的分析にはCaの除去が必須の条件と考えられる. 5. 各微量金属の等重量混合状態においても, 相互干渉により定量性に著しい影響が認められるため, 各微量金属は分離定量が必要である. 6. 有機質については各金属量に対する歯質中存在量を想定し, 低分子のものとしてGlycine, 高分子のものとしてBovine Serum Albuminの影響を検討したところ各金属により, 有機質量および種類により, 異なった干渉認められた. 7. 歯質中に存在する有機質および酒石酸緩衝液中の有機質は, HNO3-H2O2による湿式灰化法にて除去することができ, Cu, Cd, Pbについては定量性の良好なる検量線が得られた. 8. したがって, 歯質中の微量金属をFlameless原子吸光法で定量するためには歯質中に存在する大過剰のCaの除去および各々の微量金属の単離が必要であることが確認された. そこで歯質の1)脱灰→2)液体クロマトグラフィーによる分離→3)HNO3-H2O2による湿式灰化→4)オートサンプラーを用いたFlameless原子吸光法による定量, という分析システムを提案する.
Practice : 歯科学
Keywords :

English

Title : A Preliminary study for Determination of Quantitative Analysis of Trace Metals in Primary Teeth. - Particularly, Quantitative Analysis of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb by Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. -
Subtitle :
Authors : Yasushi Nishimura
Authors(kana) :
Organization : Department of Pedodontics, Kanagawa Dental College, Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal : Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume : 15
Number : 1
Page : 30-50
Year/Month : 1980 / 6
Article : Original article
Publisher : Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract : In order to elucidate the deciduous dental tissues, particularly to examine the biologically existing significance of trace metals, it is indispensable to quantitatively determine the trace metals taken up in the formation period of dental tissues, examining the tissue structure corresponding to the period, and accordingly the determination method possible to perform this must be chosen. Hereby, as a result of many studies, the author chose the flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry as the most effective means to achieve this purpose. However, in comparison with the conventional atomic absorption spectrophotometry (flame method) it was apprehended that this method might be much affected with coexisting substances, particularly acids and other elements, therefore, these influences were confirmed, assuming the analysis of dental tissues. That is to say, choosing Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb as the trace metals, studies were made on the determination conditions, minimum detection amounts, solvent conditions, and interferences among the metals and also in coexistence of organic substances. In consequence the following conclusion was drawn. 1. In case of determining the respective metals, as the kind and concentration of an acid give influences on the determination, a fixed acid in a fixed concentration should be employed. In this experiment 0.5N HNO3 having good sensitivity and stability was used as a solvent for the determination. 2. As the upper limits of each metal in working range, Cu and Pb in 200ppb and Zn and Cd in 40-50ppb seem adequate. 3. The minimum detection amounts were set at the standard deviation percentage below 7.5%, i.e., Cu in 0.5ppb, Zn in 0.1ppb, Cd in 0.5ppb, and Pb in 0.1ppb. From these it is considered possible to determine, even using one part of the teeth. 4. As the interference of Ca varies by various metals and those concentrations, the removal of Ca is regarded as an essential requirement for the quantitative analysis of trace metals. 5. Because the mutual interference of respective trace metals even in a mixed state of those in equal weights gives marked influences to the assay, it is needed to separately conduct the quantitatve analyses of respective trace metals. 6. Assuming the amounts of organic substances existing in the dental tissues corresponding to the respective metal amounts, studies were carried out on the influences of glycine as a low molecule and of bovine serum albumin as a high molecule. Then varying interferences were observed depending on the respective metals and also on the amounts and kinds of the organic substances. 7. Organic substances exixting in the dental tissues and those in the tartrate buffer solution could be removed by the wet ashing with concentrated HNO3-H2O2. Thus, good recoveries of Cu, Cd, and Pb to the measuring levels were observed. 8. Accordingly, in order to determine the trace metals in dental tissues by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the procedures for removal of excess Ca and separation of the respective trace metals is a vital step to get accurate determination. Therefore, following the analytical system is proposed, (1) Decalcification (2) Column chromatography (3) Wet-aching with concentrated HNO3-H2O2 (4) Auto-sampler and flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
Practice : Dentistry
Keywords :