アブストラクト(17巻2号:神奈川歯学)

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title : 歯根膜血管網の立体的観察
Subtitle : 原著
Authors : 岩淵通
Authors(kana) :
Organization : 神奈川歯科大学口腔解剖学教室
Journal : 神奈川歯学
Volume : 17
Number : 2
Page : 165-184
Year/Month : 1982 / 9
Article : 原著
Publisher : 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract : 「緒言」 歯は歯周靱帯によって歯槽の中に保持され, その線維束によって咬合力を受けとめているというSicherの説が信じられてきたが, 歯周靱帯のみでは咬合力を受けとめることは不可能であるという説もある(Gable 1956). 歯根膜に及ぶ力を積極的に緩和して歯槽骨への衝撃を少なくしている機構についても考えられてきた. その1つは, 歯根膜に分布する知覚神経とその反射によって過剰な咬合力から歯を守るという機能であるが, 歯根膜本来の構造からみてKindlova, M. and Matena, V. (1962) Kindlova (1965, 1965)が述べている様に歯根膜に分布する発達した血管網が, 咬合力の歯槽骨に対する緩衝作用の役割も大きい. 本研究は, 歯根膜に分布する血管網の代謝及び咬合力の緩衝作用の両面に関わりをもつ血管網の立体的構築と, その超微構造を観察した. 血管網の形態の観察には, 低粘度の合成樹脂を血管に注入し, 蛋白分解酵素にて軟組織のみを溶解し, 歯構骨と血管との関係を明確にすることができた.
Practice : 歯科学
Keywords :

English

Title : The Electoron Microscopic Study of the Vascular Network of the Periodontium in Dog.
Subtitle : Original article
Authors : Toru IWABUCHI
Authors(kana) :
Organization : Department of Oral Anatomy, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal : Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume : 17
Number : 2
Page : 165-184
Year/Month : 1982 / 9
Article : Original article
Publisher : Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract : Abstract : Resin cast specimens of the vascular network distributed throughout the periodontium were investigated stereoscopically using SEM and TEM, in adult dogs with apparently healthy gingiva. The present method of the resin cast specimens of the vasculature was different from the usual one. In the present specimens the innermost wall of the alveolar bone adjacent to the periodontium was reserved by dissolving the soft tissue using proteinase, although much of the inner bony wall of the alveolar socket was lost by the usual method. The results of the present study revealed that all the vascular networks consisted of two layers vertically arranged from the cervical part, via the middle part, to the apical part. The main blood vessels running out of the Volkmann form a rough network on the surface of the alveolar bone. The main blood vessels are connected with the vascular networks in the gingiva at the alveolar crest. Some of them, aside from the main vessels, are branched singly out of the Volkmann canal to be connected directly to the networks in the vascular layer on the alveolar side. At the apical part of the periodontium, the blood vessels diverging on the out side of the apical foramen were distributed enveloping the apex of the root. In the vascular layer on the root side the main branches running parallel to the long axis of the tooth were connected each other by bilateral branches. The basic structure of the vascular networks in the alveolar crest area was the same as that in the middle part of the periodontium. In the vascular layer on the root side main branches indicating a complicated rope- or ladder-like form ran parallel to the long axis of the tooth. Many capillary loops were present in all areas, varying in shape from simple ones, which directed their tips to the side of the root, to complicated ones. Irregular venule were noted in both the ascending and descending basal areas outside of the apical foramen. There were a number of Howship lacunae of a conical shape on the surface of the alveolar bone, on and above cappillaries were observed. The blood vessels in the periodontium were connected, via Volkmann canals, with the abundant vascular networks in the bone marrow in the alveolar septum and intra root septum. This means that blood could flow into the vascular networks in the bone when the pressure is applied to the periodontium. Together with the glomera in the periodontium the abundant vascular network in the bone takes part in making effective hydro-static buffer by functioning as termporay reservoirs of blood in mastication. The fine structure of the blood vessels in the periodontium revealed a thin endothelial wall with a smooth interior surface and a few microvilli. In the periodontium the blood vessels of fenstrated type were also seen though in a small number.
Practice : Dentistry
Keywords :