アブストラクト(20巻3号:神奈川歯学)

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title : ラットAnaphylactic Shockにおける生体内Aminesの役割
Subtitle : 原著
Authors : 大山正和
Authors(kana) :
Organization : 神奈川歯科大学薬理学教室
Journal : 神奈川歯学
Volume : 20
Number : 3
Page : 307-319
Year/Month : 1985 / 12
Article : 原著
Publisher : 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract : 「緒言」薬剤負荷後短時間内に誘発されるcirculatory shockは, 薬剤が抗原となって生ずるいわゆるanaphylactic shockである. 過去に松倉(日本法医学会)らは, わが国でおきた5年間の薬剤誘発性shock死を原因薬剤別に報告し, 289例のshock死中, 局所麻酔剤によるもの140例, 抗生物質, ピリン剤その他解熱剤, 鎮痛剤によるもの100例, とくに, ピリン剤による31例の発生を指摘している. これらの薬剤のすべては, とくに歯科臨床で極めて広範囲に用いられているもので, anaphylactic shockに対する関心はゆるがせにできない. anaphylactic shockは, 特異抗原に感作された個体が抗原の侵入に再度さらされることによって起こる全身性のアレルギー反応である. この反応は, I型反応に属する免疫反応で, 抗原-抗体反応が好塩基球や組織肥満細胞の細胞膜上で起こる結果, その細胞に脱顆粒現象が生じ, histamine, serotonin(5-HT), SRS-A(slow reacting substances of anaphylaxis, leukotriene C4, D4, E4), ECF-A(eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis)などのmediatorsが放出, あるいは産生遊離される.
Practice : 歯科学
Keywords :

English

Title : The Roles of Endogenous Amines in Anaphylactic Shock in Rats
Subtitle : Original article
Authors : Masakazu OYAMA
Authors(kana) :
Organization : Department of Pharmacology, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal : Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume : 20
Number : 3
Page : 307-319
Year/Month : 1985 / 12
Article : Original article
Publisher : Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract : Cyclic AMP and histamine levels in plasma and lung tissue during anaphylactic shock in rats were studied in 10 groups of animals: (1)control rats; (2)rats with adrenoectomy; (3)rats with reserpinization; (4)rats treated with epinephrine; (5)rats treated with isoproterenol; (6)rats treated with phentolamine; (7)rats treated with propranolol; (8)rats treated with compound 48/80; (9)rats treated with p-chlorophenylalanine(p-CPA), and (10)rats treated with disodiumcromoglycate (DSCG). All experiments were carried out in ovalbumin-sensitized rats. Plasma cyclic AMP and histamine showed an increase during anaphylactic shock in control rats. This increase was inversely related to the cyclic AMP and histamine levels in lung tissue, producing survival in 0% of the rats within 3 min after ovalbumin-challenge. Adrenoectomy, reserpine or propranolol abolished the anaphylaxis-induced increase in plasma cyclic AMP, and produced survival of 0/15, 0/20 5/10 of the rats within 2 min after the challenge, respectively. However, epinephrine, isoproterenol or phentolamine enhanced the increase, and prevented the 3-min mortality induced by anaphylaxis in 100% of the rats studied. Epinephrine or isoproterenol caused a dosedependent increase in cyclic AMP in lung tissue or in plasma, and this increase was inhibited by propranolol. In the group in which anaphylactic shock was prevented with these interventions, cyclic AMP in lung tissue was significantly high in all experiments. Furthermore, when histamine or serotonin stores had been diminished by the treatment with compound 48/80 or with p-CPA and when IgE mediated release of histamine from sensitized mast cells had been inhibited by the treatment with DSCG, anaphylactic shock was prevented. These results demonstrate that lung tissue is the potential source of histamine and serotonin during anaphylactic shock, and that adrenergic neuronal terminal and adrenal medulla may be partly responsible for the mechanism which regulates the release of the mediators through β-adrenoceptors.
Practice : Dentistry
Keywords :