アブストラクト（28巻4号：神奈川歯学）

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title　： 成長に伴う下顎頭の血管構築および微細血管に関する形態学的研究 - ラット, イヌを用いて -
Subtitle　： 原著
Authors　： 寺田仁, 高橋和人
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： 神奈川歯科大学口腔解剖学教室
Journal　： 神奈川歯学
Volume　： 28
Number　： 4
Page　： 474-502
Year/Month　： 1994 / 3
Article　： 原著
Publisher　： 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract　： 「緒言」 近年, 歯科疾患の中でも顎関節部の機能障害が大変な関心事となっている. そのような障害の発症原因・予防を考える上でも, 顎関節の構造や機能的特徴の知識, 充分な理解は極めて重要と考える. 顎関節は, 形態学的には下顎頭, 側頭骨の下顎窩と, それらの間に介在する関節円板, さらに関節包, 滑膜, 外側靱帯等により構成される両側性の複合関節である. 形態学的特徴として顎関節は, 胸鎖関節とともに関節円板の存在や, 下顎頭と下顎窩の関節面表層が線維性結合組織で覆われていることなど, 他の可動性関節とはやや異なるものとして位置付けられている. 一方, 摂取する食物の相違に対応しても, 動物種属間でその形態はかなり異なっている(一軸性～多軸性)ことが知られている. 顎関節部の血管構築に関する研究は多数あるものの, その形態学的検索方法としては, 肉眼的観察や墨汁, ラテックス注入法等に集約できる.
Practice　： 歯科学
Keywords　： 下顎頭, 軟骨管, 軟骨内骨化, 有窓性血管, 微細構造, 血管鋳型

English

Title　： Vascular Architecture and Ultrastructure of Capillaries in Developing Mandibular Condyle in Rats and Dogs
Subtitle　：
Authors　： Hitoshi TERADA, Kazuto Takahashi
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： Department of Oral Anatomy, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal　： Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume　： 28
Number　： 4
Page　： 474-502
Year/Month　： 1994 / 3
Article　： Original article
Publisher　： Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract　： Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of vascular architecture and ultrastructure of blood vessels accompanied with the growth and development of the mandibular condyles (rats and dogs) using both light and electron microscopies. Especially, this study was paid attention to both descending and ascending blood vessels; (1) The former is that are descending from the superficial layer via cartilage canals to articular cartilage of the mandibular condyle, (2) The latter is that are ascending from the bone marrow toward the calcified cartilage layer of the mandibular condyle in the process of endochondral ossification. The mandibular condyles of 3days-4 weeks old wistar rats and 1～2 weeks old dogs were used. For a comparative study the heads of humerus of the same rats were also used. Examination methods were divided into the following three ways. (1) Light microscopic examination by Indian ink perfused sections. (2) Scanning electron microscopic examination by a combination of freeze-fracture and vascular corrosion casts. (3) Transmission electron microscopic examination by ultrathin sections processed with ionic lanthanum as a diffusion tracer. The following results were obtained. (1) Blood vessels which are descending from the superficial layer : Blood vessels from the superficial layer by way of cartilage canals, distributing into articular cartilage were observed in 3 days and 5 days old rats. They gradually disappeared with growth, and could be seen only at a fusion area of the disc and the condyle at 3 weeks old rats. As mentioned above, cartilage canals in mandibular condyle were supposed to disappear by development of jaw movement or simply with age and not involved in the formation of the secondary centers of ossification, different from those of the heads of humerus. Blood vessels within cartilage canal were derived from those of fibrous layer at the superficial layer of the condyle. The tip of these blood vessels showed the same loop configurations as those in dogs with a similar age, but did not communicate with blood vessels derived from bone marrow. Endothelium was a continuous, but an attenuated type. Wall of cartilage canals was thicker, different from that in the heads of humerus. Chondroblast-like cells were very often observed at a region of canal wall and they had a big nucleus and well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. (2) Blood vessels which are ascending from bone marrow: A contour line was in accordence with that of the height of the zone of calcification in the process of endochondral ossification. Large and small holes in the chondrocyte lacunar wall could be observed. Some of these had been perforated by blood capillaries. In the zone of calcification, capillaries had a fenestrated endothelium (50～100 nm in diameter), and an enlarged lumen. Tracer experiments also supported that these capillaries might play an important role of a rapid exchange of intravascular materials. It is considered that leakage of Indian ink and existence of vascular corrosion casts in the lacunae are attributed to characteristics of endothelium in capillaries. In conclusion, these findings suggest that blood supply by capillaries from bone marrow have an important role in growth and development of rat mandibular condyle.
Practice　： Dentistry
Keywords　：