アブストラクト（28巻4号：神奈川歯学）

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title　： 人工歯根における歯根膜再生に関する研究
Subtitle　： 原著
Authors　： 福岡真一, 志村介三
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： 神奈川歯科大学口腔外科学教室第II講座
Journal　： 神奈川歯学
Volume　： 28
Number　： 4
Page　： 503-514
Year/Month　： 1994 / 3
Article　： 原著
Publisher　： 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract　： 「緒言」 歯根膜は, 高い代謝活性と鋭敏な感覚受容器を有し, 歯周組織の恒常性の維持や咀嚼機能の調節に重要な役割を果たしている. また, 優れた緩圧機能をもつなど, 天然歯の支持組織として合理的な機能をもつことが明らかにされている. 一方, 人工歯根においては, Hydroxyapatiteを初めとする優れた骨親和性材料の開発や, 早期で確実な骨結合の獲得を目指した手術法の改良により, 強固な支持様式が求められる傾向にある. しかしながら, このような歯根膜をもたない骨結合型の人工歯根では, 衝撃に対して著しく高い応力を招き, 骨の疲労破壊を生じる危険性のあること, また, 可動性に乏しく, 隣在歯の沈下や天然歯との連結によって機能圧の集中を招きやすいこと, さらに, 感覚器官の欠如はこれらの危険性をより一層増大させることなど, 様々な問題点が指摘されている.
Practice　： 歯科学
Keywords　： 人工歯根, 歯根膜, 細胞培養, 細胞移植, コラーゲン固定化

English

Title　： Study on Formation of Periodontal Ligament Around Dental Implants
Subtitle　：
Authors　： Shinichi FUKUOKA, Kaizo Shimura
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： The Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal　： Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume　： 28
Number　： 4
Page　： 503-514
Year/Month　： 1994 / 3
Article　： Original article
Publisher　： Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract　： Abstract: This Study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that seeded periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are able to create PDL around dental implants if the material implanted is suitable for its regeneration. 1. In-vitro examination In-vitro examination was made in order to determine the suitable culture condition for PDL cells. First, the PDL cells obtained from ten adult beagle dogs were cultured with α-MEM containing 5-20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and their growth rate were examined. The maximum growth rate of PDL cells was obtained in 10% FBS group. Then, the effect of 0.1-10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) on the growth rate and the alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity in 10% FBS group was examined. The maximum mitogenic effect of TGF-β1 was observed at the concentration of 1 ng/ml. The growth rate was twice as much as that observed for FBS alone. High ALPase activity was also detected. Culture with 10% FBS plus 1 ng/ml TGF-β1, therefore, was considered to be the most suitable for growth and differentiation of PDL cells. 2. In-vivo examination Hydroxyapatite (HAP), titanium (Ti) and polyethylene (PE) implants were prepared, and the surface of the PE implants were coated with collagen (CPE). Premolar teeth were extracted from ten dogs, and cells from their PDL were cultured and attached to the implants in vitro. These cell-bearing implants and non-cell bearing CPE implants were implanted in the edentulous molar region of the lower alveolar process and completely covered with mucoperiosteal flaps. After two weeks and one month, the dogs were sacrificed and histological sections were prepared. HAP and Ti implants exhibited active bone formation on the implant surface. Non-cell-bearing CPE implants were encapsulated by fibrous layer. However, cell-bearing CPE implants showed regeneration of a PDL-like tissue after one month. This tissue covered the most part of the implant with collagen fibers perpendicularly oriented to be implant surface, attached to both the implant and the opposing bone as is observed in PDL. It is concluded that formation of PDL around dental implants can be accomplished both by seeding of cultured autologous PDL cells and by collagen-immobilization onto the implant surface.
Practice　： Dentistry
Keywords　：