アブストラクト（29巻4号：神奈川歯学）

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title　： 唾液斑からの性別判定に関する法医歯科学的研究 - 加熱による影響について -
Subtitle　： 原著
Authors　： 簑島忠夫, 山本勝一
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： 神奈川歯科大学法医学教室
Journal　： 神奈川歯学
Volume　： 29
Number　： 4
Page　： 324-332
Year/Month　： 1995 / 3
Article　： 原著
Publisher　： 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract　： 「緒言」 身元不明死体の個人識別を行う手段には, 年齢, 性別, 人種, 職業, 血液型, 指紋および歯牙所見などがある. 近年, 犯罪の凶悪化が進み, 白骨死体, 腐乱死体, バラバラ死体, 焼死体など遺体の損傷が激しいほど, 個人の特徴を示す情報が失われ, 歯や歯科材料などが個人識別の決め手になることが多く, 山本はいちはやく法医歯科学の必要性を提言した. 従来, 死体からの性別判定は, 主に形態学的検査により行われてきた. この方法は簡便かつ迅速であるが, 反面, 男女性の区別を形状や大きさの差で判定するため, 誤判定の危険を常に伴っている. とりわけ, 試料がわずかの場合, その危険性が高くなる. 性別判定に関する研究は, Keenによる頭蓋骨の形態, 向井ら, 宮澤による口蓋および歯列弓の形態, 權田, 田中, Ditch&Rose, Garn et al., 埴原・小泉による歯の大きさなどからの報告がある.
Practice　： 歯科学
Keywords　： 性別判定, 唾液斑, PCR法, 加熱, 歯科材料

English

Title　： Sex Determination using Salivary Stains on Dental Materials - The Influence of Heating -
Subtitle　： Original article
Authors　： Tadao MINOSHIMA, Katsuichi Yamamoto
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： Department of Forensic Medicine, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal　： Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume　： 29
Number　： 4
Page　： 324-332
Year/Month　： 1995 / 3
Article　： Original article
Publisher　： Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract　： Abstract : Sex determination by the PCR method was investigated using human salivary stains adhered to various kinds of dental materials, which were placed at several high temperatures. Specimens of salivary stains that were offered from adult males and females were prepared by conglutinating 10μl each of saliva to the dental materials before drying at room temperature. Twelve kinds of dental materials were selected including 6 metals, 3 cements, 1 porcelain, 1 resin, and another. The salivary stains were heated in the dental furnace starting at a minimum of 100℃, raised to a maximum of 400℃, by 50℃ each stage, for the given period. For DNA extraction each stain-adhered material was put into 650μl of TEN solution (containing 2% SDS) mixed with 10μl of 100μM proteinase K in a 1.5ml test tube. After sufficient mixing, the solution was heated at 50℃ for 30 minutes for the digestion of protein. In the subsequent procedure, the authentic phenol-chloroform method was used. The amplification site in the DNA was the Amelogenin locus. The following results were obtained. 1. The salivary stains dried at room temperature, regardless of the kind of material, showed the typical DNA pattern on electrophoresis, suggesting that there is no effect caused by the kind of material on which the stain was carried. 2. The material of the metal itself remained unchanged after heating. In the male stains on the 24-K gold, and gold-silver palladium alloy, DNA was detectable after heating up to 200℃, but it was not detectable in the male stains after heating at more than 250℃ or in the female stains. On silver alloys, copper alloys, chromium-cobalt alloys or amalgam, however, DNA could not be detected in either the male or female stains. 3. Among the dental cements, DNA could be detected in both the male and female stains on the glass ionomer cement after heating up to 250℃. DNA could be detected in the male and female stains on polycarboxylate cement, though tended to soften after heating at 250℃, and up to 200℃, respectively. DNA could be detected in the male and female stains on zinc phosphate cement after heating up to 200℃ and up to 150℃, respectively. 4. DNA could be detected on porcelain even after treatment of 350℃ in the male stains, and to 300℃ in the female stains, respectively. 5. Resin showed a tendency to swell in part at 200℃, but the DNA was detectable from stains of both sexes. 6. In the cases of temporary stopping, considerable softening occurred at 100℃ and no DNA was detectable. The present experiment suggests that the reason why sex specific DNA fragments were undetectable from the heated salivary stains on fireproof dental materials such as silver alloy, copper alloy, chromium-cobalt alloy, and amalgam is that either the material itself or the some component of the material is denaturalized because of the heat, affecting the DNA in some way. The reason why the female stains allowed inferior DNA detection efficiency compared to the male stains might be because the molecular size of DNA was reduced by heating. Sex determination is possible if the dental materials carrying saliva is unheated, and if a proper selection of saliva carrying material is made, even if it is heated to some extent. Furthermore, these findings show that sex determination is also possible from apparently scanty dental evidence such as dentures or a fraction of treated tooth. The method is expected to be generally adopted in the field of forensic dental medicine.
Practice　： Dentistry
Keywords　：