アブストラクト（39巻2/3号：神奈川歯学）

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title　： Orofacial Stem Cell Mediated Tissue Regeneration
Subtitle　： 公開シンポジウム 口腔領域における再生医療の展開 －発生工学, 細胞工学, 遺伝子工学, 理工学の融合－特別講演
Authors　： Songtao Shi
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
Journal　： 神奈川歯学
Volume　： 39
Number　： 2/3
Page　： 118-118
Year/Month　： 2004 / 9
Article　： 抄録
Publisher　： 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract　： Several populations of postnatal stem cells have been successfully isolated from the human orofacial region including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). DPSCs have been identified as multipotent stem cells that are capable of differentiating into odontoblasts, adipocytes, and neural cells. The most important characteristic of DPSCs is their capacity to form a dentin/pulp-like structure in vitro, indicating a potential of using DPSCs for dentin/pulp and tooth regeneration. SHED derived from remnant pulp tissue of exfoliated baby teeth are also capable of differentiating into odontoblasts, adipocyte and neural cells. Although their dentin regeneration capability is limited, they show a unique capacity to recruit host osteogenic cells to form bone in vivo. When transplanted into mice brain, SHED survive for at least eight weeks and express neural markers such as neurofilament and GAD. Importantly, SHED are derived from a very easily accessible tissue source that is able to provide a large number of cells due to their high proliferation rate. Preservation of SHED may be a practical approach for postnatal stem cell therapy in future. It is definitely necessary to further study the differentiation potential and the limitations of SHED. Very recently, we isolated PDLSCs from PDL attached to the root of extracted third molars. PDLSCs were found to be able to differentiate into cementoblasts, adipocytes, and collagen-forming cells in vitro. When transplanted into immunocompromised mice, they generated a cementum/PDL-like structure and Sharpey's fibers. Moreover, PDLSCs contributed to the periodontal tissue repair in immunocompromised rats. Human PDLSCs were derived from an easily accessible human tissue resource and able to provide a large number of cells for potential stem cell therapies. PDLSC-mediated tissue regeneration may be a promising therapeutic approach for periodontal diseases.
Practice　： 歯科学
Keywords　：