アブストラクト(41巻1号:神奈川歯学)

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title : ロールプレイを応用した模擬体験型実習における学生の自己評価 -小児患者の保護者に対する医療面接を題材とした基礎実習-
Subtitle :
Authors : 木本茂成, 窪田光慶*, 松原 聡, 山口三菜, 佐藤貞雄*
Authors(kana) :
Organization : 神奈川歯科大学成長発達歯科学講座 小児歯科学分野, *神奈川歯科大学成長発達歯科学講座 歯科矯正学分野
Journal : 神奈川歯学
Volume : 41
Number : 1
Page : 53-62
Year/Month : 2006 / 6
Article : 原著
Publisher : 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract : 緒言 近年の急激な社会構造の変化を背景に, 医療界においては医師および歯科医師の患者に対するコミュニケーションスキルが問われており, 欧米において基本的臨床技能と態度を評価する客観的臨床能力試験(Objective Structured Clinical Examination:OSCE)が開発され1), 世界各国の医師試験に応用されてきた2~4). 本邦においても全国の大学歯学部で平成17年度より共用試験歯学OSCEが実施され, 臨床実習開始前に基本的な臨床技能と態度の評価が行われている5, 6). しかし, 従来の系統講義中心のカリキュラムでは臨床実習開始前に小児患者とその保護者を対象とした医療面接の実習は設定されておらず, 臨床実習において習得されるべき項目と考えられていた. したがって, 臨床実習前の基礎実習内容を含めた大幅なカリキュラムの変更を必要とする大学は少なくない状況である. 本学においても従来の技能中心の基礎実習では, 患者とのコミュニケーション能力や態度に関する十分な教育効果が得られない状態であった.
Practice : 歯科学
Keywords : ロールプレイ, 医療面接, 基礎実習, 自己評価

English

Title : Self-assessment by Students on Simulated Practice with Role-playing: Pre-clinical Practice for Medical Interview to Guardians of Pediatric Patients
Subtitle :
Authors : Shigenari KIMOTO, Mitsuyoshi KUBOTA*, Satoshi MATSUBARA, Mina YAMAGUCHI, Sadao SATO*
Authors(kana) :
Organization : Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Craniofacial Growth and Development Dentistry Kanagawa Dental College, *Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Growth and Development Dentistry Kanagawa Dental College
Journal : Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume : 41
Number : 1
Page : 53-62
Year/Month : 2006 / 6
Article : Original article
Publisher : Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract : Role-playing practice has been used in medical education to learn appropriate attitudes to patients and develop examination skills used in medical interviews. In this study we considered the self-assessment of role-playing in small groups on learning appropriate attitudes to the guardians of pediatric patients by undergraduate students in a dental school. The subjects were 114 fourth-grade (pre-clinical training grade) undergraduate students at the Kanagawa Dental College School of Dentistry. The students were divided into 19 groups (6 students in each group), then role-playing of a medical interview with the guardians of patients who had malocclusion was performed by a 3-student subgroup. Each student played the roles of dentist, guardian and observer in turn. After all students had played the three roles in turn, they self-assessed their own attitudes to the guardian and their ability to contact medical interviews. According to the result of the questionnaire after the role-playing, 98% of the students preferred the role-playing practice to usual practice in order to learn clinical skills. On the self-assessment for Structural Behavior Objects (SBOs), we observed high achievement rates of the following items: 1) preparing the environment for medical interview (93.0%), 2) explaining the cause (86.0%) and effect (74.6%) of malocclusion, and 3) confirming that the patient has a proper understanding of the explanation (78.1 %). On the other hand, some of the SBOs were achieved with relatively low rate, for example: 1) having a favorable impression on the patient (60 to 70%), 2) clearly explaining to the patient in plain words (55.3%), and 3) explaining orthodontic examination and treatment to the patient. Role-playing practice caused most of the students to consider their own behavior objectively and to have enthusiasm for learning clinical skills.
Practice : Dentistry
Keywords :