アブストラクト（42巻1号：神奈川歯学）

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title　： 小児歯科学基礎実習におけるOSCE評価 -指導医および学生による評価結果の検討-
Subtitle　：
Authors　： 木本茂成, 松澤光洋, 窪田光慶*, 小松太一, 山口三菜
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： 神奈川歯科大学 成長発達歯科学講座 小児歯科学分野, *歯科矯正学分野
Journal　： 神奈川歯学
Volume　： 42
Number　： 1
Page　： 32-41
Year/Month　： 2007 / 6
Article　： 原著
Publisher　： 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract　： 緒言 臨床実習開始前の基本的知識と臨床技能さらに患者に接する態度の習得は, クリニカルクラークシップを基本とする卒前臨床実習を受けるための必要条件となっている1). 近年, 医学教育分野において基本的臨床技能の評価方法として客観的臨床能力試験(OSCE)が導入され, 卒前臨床実習開始前に実施されている2). 我が国においても2005年度より歯学部卒前臨床実習開始前に共用試験(CBTおよびOSCE)が正式に導入され, 臨床に必要な基本的知識および技能が一定の水準に達していることが必須となっている3, 4). また, 歯科領域では歯科衛生士の教育現場でもOSCEの導入が試みられ5), さらに本来臨床能力を評価するためのOSCE形式の評価が, 基礎系の科目においても客観的評価法としての導入が試みられている6). 本来OSCEは客観的評価方法の一つの形式であるが, 指導医のみならず, 学生同士の他者評価と実習直後の自己評価は学生が自身の到達度を理解するための形成的評価の一手段として有効性が示唆されている.
Practice　： 歯科学
Keywords　： 基礎実習, OSCE, 自己評価

English

Title　： Evaluation by Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) during Pre-clinical Practice for Pediatric Dentistry : A Study of Evaluation Results by Instructors and Students
Subtitle　：
Authors　： Shigenari KIMOTO, Mitsuhiro MATSUZAWA, Mitsuyoshi KUBOTA*, Taichi KOMATSU, Mina YAMAGUCHI
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Craniofacial Growth and Development Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental College, *Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Growth and Development Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal　： Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume　： 42
Number　： 1
Page　： 32-41
Year/Month　： 2007 / 6
Article　： Original article
Publisher　： Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract　： The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) has been identified as one of the most valid tools for evaluating communication skills, clinical skills and attitudes of students. In this study, we considered the evaluation by OSCE by instructors and students during pre-clinical practice for pediatric dentistry. The subjects were 111 fourth-year (pre-clinical training year) undergraduate students at Kanagawa Dental College, School of Dentistry. The students were divided into 10 groups with 11 or 12 students in each group. Role-playing involving topical application of fluoride to a patient and giving precautions to the guardians of patients were performed by 3-student subgroups. Each student played the roles of dentist, guardian and observer in turn. The instructor and the students who played observer in each group evaluated the skills for topical application of fluoride and the attitude. All students evaluated their own skills and attitudes after the OSCE (self-evaluation). The average score of the achievement rate with respect to the structural behavior objects (SBOs) for this practice (OSCE score) from three different categories of evaluator, i.e. the instructors of each group, the other students as observers, and the students who played the role of the dentist (themselves) were evaluated. The average OSCE score from the instructors, the other students, and from the students themselves was 93.6%, 94.8%, and 91.7%, respectively. There was no correlation between the OSCE score and result of their paper examination for students whose OSCE scores on the self-evaluation were higher than those evaluated by instructors (r=-0.023, p=0.9204), however, relatively high correlation was observed for students whose OSCE scores on self-evaluation were similar to those on evaluation by instructors (r=0.593, p<0.0001). It is considered that self-evaluation of students after OSCE facilitates the student's objective recognition of their achievement of the SBOs.
Practice　： Dentistry
Keywords　： OSCE