アブストラクト（46巻1号：神奈川歯学）

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title　： 中性電解水の抗菌効果および歯科臨床への応用
Subtitle　： 原著
Authors　： 大川公子, 石川恵里子*, 平嶺浩子, 熊田秀文*
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： 神奈川歯科大学付属横浜研修センター横浜クリニック総合歯科学講座, *神奈川歯科大学感染制御学講座微生物学分野
Journal　： 神奈川歯学
Volume　： 46
Number　： 1
Page　： 27-36
Year/Month　： 2011 / 6
Article　： 原著
Publisher　： 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract　： 「諸言」歯科領域の2大疾患である歯周病と齲蝕は, いずれも口腔常在菌により惹起されることが明らかにされている1-5）. すなわち, Streptococcus mutansをはじめとする細菌によって構成されるプラークが齲蝕を引き起こし, Porphyromonas gingivalisをはじめとする細菌が歯肉縁下で増殖し炎症や歯周組織破壊を引き起こし歯周病を発症する6-7）. また, 口腔内に装着する補綴物である義歯も長期間使用するためデンチャープラークの付着が認められ, このプラークと義歯性口内炎8, 9）, 根面カリエス10, 11）, また誤嚥性肺炎12, 13）, 心疾患14, 15）, などの全身疾患との関連性が指摘されている. これらの細菌の増殖を抑制することは疾患の予防に重要であることが明らかである16, 17）. 近年, スポーツ時の口腔外傷予防のマウスガード, 睡眠時の咬合性外傷予防のためのナイトガード18）, あるいは矯正治療時に用いるリテーナー19）, ホームブリーチング時に用いられるドラック・リテーナーなど熱可塑性シートを用いたものがよく使用されている.
Practice　： 歯科学
Keywords　： 中性電解水, 抗菌効果, 金属腐食性, 持続性

English

Title　： Antibacterial Effect of Electrolyzed Neutral Water and Application to Dental Practice
Subtitle　：
Authors　： Kimiko OHKAWA, Eriko ISHIKAWA*, Hiroko HIRAMINE, Hidefumi KUMADA*
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： Department of Comprehensive dentistry Yokohama Clinical Education Center of Kanagawa Dental College, *Division of Microbiology, Department of Infection Control, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal　： Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume　： 46
Number　： 1
Page　： 27-36
Year/Month　： 2011 / 6
Article　： Original article
Publisher　： Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract　： Dental plaque is the major causative factor of oral diseases, including dental caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases. Moreover, all hospitalized patients are at risk of acquiring an infection from their treatment or surgery. Recently, electrolyzed water has been widely used for sterilization of dental appliance and instruments because of its superior bactericidal activity with the least biological and environmental side effects. In this study, we examined the bactericidal effects of electrolyzed neutral water on nine kinds of bacteria including oral microorganisms and salivary bacteria. Furthermore, the corrosive action of the water to metal and durability of residual chlorine were evaluated. Nine species of bacteria used in this study were as follows： S. mutans, L. casei, A. viscosus, P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, P. nigrescens, S. aureus, C. albicans and E. coli. All bacteria were completely killed by a 60-second exposure to electrolyzed neutral water of 5 ppm residual chlorine concentration. Gram-negative oral bacteria were more susceptible to the water than Gram-positive organisms. The MIC of residual chlorine against nine species ranged from 2.5 ppm to 5.0 ppm after 60-second exposure. On the other hand, the MIC for salivary bacteria was 20 ppm. In order to examine the bactericidal mechanism of the water, S. mutans or P. gingivalis were mixed with electrolyzed neutral water for 30 minutes at room temperature and morphological changes of the bacterium were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Most bacterial cell walls were destroyed and the cytoplasm was spilt out of the cells. Two types of metals were immersed into the water for 7 days, but no significant corrosiveness was observed. Moreover, the effective concentration of residual chlorine was maintained more than two weeks at room temperature. These results suggest that electrolyzed neutral water is useful to sterile dental equipments and to prevent catching an infection during the treatments.
Practice　： Dentistry
Keywords　：